Liquid-hydrocarbon-vapor burner.



A. I. BLANCHARD. LIQUID HYDROGARBON VAPOR BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.15,1912.

'LA WWW. Patented 11111.23, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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APPLICATION FILED APR.15, 1912.

Patented Feb.23,1915

3 SHEETS*SHBET 2.

A. I. BLANCHARD.' LIQUID HYDROGARBON VAPOR BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.1`5. 1912. 1J @@m Patented Feb. 23, 1915.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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T all whom it may concern .Be it known that I, ARTHUR IsAA'o BLANCHARD, engineer,.a subject of the King I of Great Britain, residing at No. 2 Chardmore road, Upper Clapton, London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating toA Liquid` Hvdrocarbon-Vapor Burners, of which the` following is a specification. t

This invention relates to liquid hydrocarbon vapor burners or the like of the class or type in which the liquid hydrocarbonsuare i Vsupplied under pressure to a vaporizer or chamber where the same are vaporized, and

the vapor issues (under pressure) as a jet through a fine orice into a mixing tube or chamber where it draws in and is mixed with air and then burnt on-the well-known Bunsen principle; with means to clean or -clear the said tine j et orifice.

-This invention consists specically in certain improvements applied to the vspindle that controls the operation of the burner. This spindle carries a vneedle clearing device, adapted to operate to clear the jet orifice when necessary, and carries further a valve for controlling the supply of vapor t0 the jet orilice. The two improvements are, first, improved means for mounting'said spindle in its casing'in a gas tight andoil tight man; ner bymeans of a metallic bellows, at the same time permitting reciprocation of the spindle to operate the clearing needle when clearing is necessary; second, a thermal locking device for the spindle, carrying an easily fusiblemetal as an operating medium. This thermal lock is adapted to lock the spindlein the closed'position of'the controlling valve after the valve has been by any well known external means, to melt closedr` and Athe burner extinguished, and the fusible metal cooled sufciently. rI his thermal lock is released andthe above mentioned bellows. allowed to move the spindle to the open position of said valve, when the apparatus has been heated up hot enough this fusible metal.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated two examples of the present invention as carried into practice in conjunction with a spindle carrying thereon at one end or toward one end a needle clearing de-l vice as wellas a valve for regulating the supply of vapor.

which is provided with several folds formspecioatin of Letters' Patent.

At the other end said' spindle is attached to a thin metal sheet L-IQUID-HYDROCABBON-VAPOR' BURER.

rammed renee, rais..

Application fried Aprii 15, 1912. seriai No'. 690,816.

ing an expansible and collapsible metal box or metal bellows the latter being closed at one `end and at its other end connected in an oil tight manner (for example by means of a screw union) with the casing of said spindle.`

Referring to the accompanying draw ings -Figure 1 is a view of the burner partly in elevation but mainly a vertical longitudinal sectional vieW-arranged for use in a lamp of the inverted incandescent type. Fig. 2- isa plan of the burner. Fig. 3v is a vertical sectional view-on an en# larged scale-of the rmeans for automatically locking and unlocking the valve spindle. lFig. 4 is a similar view to Fig. 3 but taken at right angles thereto. Fig. 5 is a view in elevation of a standard lamp with a burner in accordance with the present inv'ention; Fig. G-is a view partly in elevation and partly in longitudinal section of a modified construction vof the burner arranged for 'heating purposes z'. e. for use in a heating stove. Fig. 7 is a plan of the heating stove `in accordance with the present invention-as shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a sectional view showing al modification as hereinafter described.

able kind such as a fine flexible point A) is mounted at the end of a spindle or rod B 'adapted to slide in a sleeve C in alinement with the jet orifice D `(which latter may be of any known or suitable kind) the said spindle B. and sleeve C being of sufficient length to insure that the ends* thereof furi ther from the needle A are well away from the heat. That end of' the spindle B nearest the needle may carry, or be formed as the valve E, for example saidend may be turned conical so as to be adapted to act as a valve Ewhen pressed endwiseon'af suitable seating F formed in the sleeve or casing C.

' One end ofthe sleeve C is attached to the burner in such a way that it communicates directly with the passage G, leading to 'the iet orifice D. On the other end is screwed thecollar C', onto which is screwed in turn,l at M. the flanged ring M. VA spring bel-l lows H. made of `suitable flexible ,met-al, is

attached. in a firm and oil tight manner tol said ring M, by soldering for example. The spindle B passes through the central part of the Vbellows H, being fixed thereto in an vapor from the sleeve.

.orifice should happen to clog up, the knob oil tight manner. Such an oil tight connection may be effectedby reducing the spindle at the point where it passes through the bellows, thus forming a shoulder B2. A nut N is then screwed onto the spindle, so as to press the metal around the periphery of theaperture through the bellows, tight up against the shoulder B2. Or the periphery could be soldered against the said shoulder, if desired. rfhis structurel permits reciprocation of the spindle within the sleeve, and yet allows no escape of oil or A knob is mounted on the outer end of the spindle. B, for manual actuation of the spindle. If the jet is pressed inward a few times, which pushes the needle" into the iet orifice. The spindle springs back to the right after each appli cation of pressure, by virtue of the spring' of the bellows, and the vapor pressure acting on the inside of the bellows. Further means of compressing said metal bellows H are also provided for the purpose of forcing the valve E on said spindle B tightly upon its seating F to cut off the vapor supply and extinguish the flame. Such further means comprises for example a screwcap L adapted to completely inclose said metal bellow-s H said screw cap L being internally screwthreaded and adapted to screw onto an externally screw-threaded flange M rigidly fixed, formed or mounted on the aforesaid sleeve or casing C. For examplethe outer end of the aforesaid sleeve C may be provided With a screwed union Cr M1 Von one part M1 of which union the said externally screwed flange M is carried. It will be obvious that this arrangement of metal bellows H uponnthe end of the f aforesaid spindle B and means of operating said metal bellows may be employed in conjunction with a spindle carrying or operating a valve such as E only or carrying or operating a needle clearing' device such as A only or carrying or operating both the valve E and needle clearing device A as illustrated.

The following is an example of that part of the present 'invention relating to the means'for automatically locking and releasing the valve spindle B as carried into practice with a valve spindle such as B'reciprocated end wise either in the manner above described or in any other suitable manner.

Referring more particularly to Figs l to 51-On or in connection with the valve spindle casing C at a suitable point t where it Will be adapted to be readily heated) there is provided a suitable vessel such as a small cup O containing fusible metal O1 into which latter extends a rigidly fixed pin (e. g.' as hereinafter described).` The lower end` of the said cup O Iis arranged and adapted to engage in or with the said spindle B, for example, arranged to' engage in a recess or groove (such as a circular groove BX) in the said spindle B for which purpose the lower end of said cup O may be formed with a 'semi-circular shaped recess O2 which straddles the reduced diameter of the spindle B in between the shoulders formed by said circular groove BX in Said spindle. By this arrangement, when the valve E has been forced or screwed upon its seatingF and the flame extinguished and the easily fusible metal O1 allowed to cool, thissaid spindl'e B and valve E will be locked with the valve in the closed position thc cup being held rigid b y the now solid metal Ol and fixed pin P therein. lVhen it is desired to start up theburner the screw cap L is slaeked back or screwed back So that the spindle B will then be held locked in position with the vulve E tight upon its seating F. by means only of the aforesaid solid metal O1 in the `cup O until 'the burner is'again heated up at starting and becomes suiiiciently hot whereupon such metal O1 fuses and thereupon the spindle B is released and the valve E thereby opened automatically. 'The aforesaid fixed pin l), in the arrangement illustrated is iixedly car ried in the screw plug Q provided with an external polygonal sided head Q1 to enable said plug to be screwed into a dome or upright extension R on the exterior of and in communication with the interior of said casing; which dome or upright extension ll` and plug Q therein inclose the movable cup lO in an oil-tight manner. It will be obvious that this arrangement of fusible metal A O1 in the cup O or equivalent with a fixed pin P or equivalent extending into said metal may be employed in any other suitable manner according to the burner employed .or the position assigned to this de- 'vice as for example with the device above the said `valve spindle B the pin P is fixed and the cup O movable as aforesaid; or with the device arranged below the valve spindle B the cup (containing the'fusible metal) would be fixed below said spindle and the pin would be movable and extend into the fusible metal at its lower end while its upper end would engage in or with the spindle B.

I will now proceed to describe the present invention as carried into practice with an inverted burner in connection with which an incandescent invert-ed mantle is empolyed.

The liquid .hydrocarbon may be supplied under pressure to a suitable vaporizing chamber of the known type such as the vaporizing chamber S; and from such vaporizing chamber S the vapor is led to the interior of the casing C in which the aforesaid spindle B is adapted to be longitudinally reeiprocated in the aforesaid manner. The said spindle B in the arrangement illus` trated carries both the valve E and needle Y manges clearing device A thereon; and in conjunction with which spindle B there is shown in the accompanying drawings the aforesaid automatically acting means to lock this said valve'spindle B in the closed position when s the fusible metal is cooled and to release said valve spindle when the burner is hot during its operation, said valve spindle being advantageously arranged parallel with and just above the horizontal vaporizing chamber S before referred to.

From the jet orifice D the vapor issues as a jet past laterally opening air -supplypas sages TX- into a double conical `chamber U c'. e. the Walls of said chamber at U1 firsty converge in the direction of the' jet so as to form a reduced or constricted passage at U3 and from this point'the walls U2 diverge to the full bore of a bent tube V through which the mixture of vapor and air is led into a downwardly extending chamber W with burner, nozzle of any suitable type sai-d chamber being advantageously provided with one or more horizontal partitions of wire gauze as also is the burner nozzleon which latter the incandescent mantle XA is mounted or carried.`

The arrangement for admitting the air supply vto the vapor jet as illustrated in the accompanying drawings is as follows z-At a point along said sleeve or casing C at a suitable'distance frointhe point of burning (e. g. about midway between the'jet orifice D and the aforesaid metal bellows H on the end of said spindle B) there is arranged an air admission chamber as for example a circular metal fbox T mounted upon and surrounding the aforesaid sleeve or casing C o`f the spindle with a suitable number of holes vor openings for the outside atmosphere to pass into said box T; and from the latter two metal tubes T1 andl T2 one on each side of the spindle B and parallel 'thereto lead the air (by means of an elbow T at the end of each) to the lateral openings or passages (before referred to) located` -on oppositesides of the jet orifice Drthe point where these air tubes admit the air on opposite sides of 'the jet being located advantageously centrally or thereabout over the burner.l The' aforesaid air admission box or chamber T thus serves to cool or assist in cooling the sleeve or casing C inclosing. the valve spindle D.

For .the purpose of conducting heat or 'assistingin conducting heat to the vaporizer chamber S and its connection, a horizontal circular plate Y with a central opening Y1 therethrough Vmay be mounted on said 'vaporizer and located just above the burner chamber W.

`A suitable shield or Casing is or may: be,I provided for. inclosing the more highlyheated parts of the burner as for example a' cylindrical metal casing Z (Fig. 5)= may be 'employed which, as shown, does not inclose the aforesaid automatic rneans for locking and releasing the valve spindle but the latter may be arranged to be inclosed therein if desired, the'taforesaid air admission box T being located exteriorly of said casing Z which latter may be provided if desired with a conical or other suitably shaped dome or top Z1 having a central opening through which opening the products of combustion -can pass.

At each operation of the jet orifice clearing deg ice the supply of vapor is vmomentarilv't ,interrupted and consequently the flame extinguished and in the case ofthe employment of the burner in conjunction with any incandescent mantle for lighting purposes as illustra-ted forhexample in Figs.

1 to 5 this extinction does not matter` as the said `mantle being incandescent will remain so long enough tore-light the vaporas same is supplied 4again after each momentary clearing operation and consequential momentary extinction of the lamp.4

Referring now more particularly to Figs. 6 and 7:- -These figures illustrate a burner for heating purposes having my present improvements applied thereto. In these Figs.

6 and 7 the letters of reference indicate corf responding parts to those described with reference to Figs. l to 5:'-The .vaporizer chamber S as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 is vertically arranged with the lower end S1 to thus support the burner, the exterior ofY said vaporizer chamber S carrying the lpan S2 for starting the burner. At its upper end said vaporizer chamber S is in `oil fication showing the movable cup O (containing the easily fusible metal. O1) and its thereof supported direct upon the reservoir casing R and. adjuncts arranged just over,"

and in vertical alinement with, the vertical part S of the vaporizer tube or chamber. This arrangement of the cup O and its casing R invertical alinement with a vertical tube S has the advantage that it enables access to the vertical tube to be obtained through the casing R, b y removing the cup O and withdrawing the spindle B; and this obviates the necessity of forming the lower part of said tube S detachable and thereby saves the joint in the latter as shown in Fig.

l, if. e.v this arrangement in Fig. 8 enables' saidlvertical tube S to bemade jointless. Furthermore this arrangement of the cup O and its adj uncts as shown in F ig. 8 (in vertical alinement with the vertical tube S) has the advantage of bringing said parts O 01, P and R under thehood or` casing Z or enabling same. to be more orless inclosed by such casing Z. The inclosing of the casing R in the hood or casing Z in either of the -above-named manners (or in any other suitable manner) is or may be advantageous for vsome purposes as for example Where the burner is to be used under conditions of eX- `posure to cold or cold winds or such like conditions.-

What I claim is 1. In a vapor burner, the combination lwith a valve spindle, of a valve controlled thereby,`adapted to open and close the vapor passage from the generator to the `Y `burner, manually-actuatedmeans to move w valve,

said spindle into the closed position of said and thermallyoperated locking means adapted to hold said spindle in this 2. In a vaporv burner, -the combination with a valve spindle, of. a valve controlled thereby, adapted to open and close the vay p01' passage to the burner, manually-actuated means to move said spindle into the closed position of said valve, means to move said spindle into the openpposition 'of said valve, thermally-operated. locking means adapted to hold said spindle at the closed position of said valve after the extinguishment of the burner, and further adapted to ing means to open said valve when al certain temperature is reached in the burner.

3. In -a vapor burner, the combination with a casing, of a spindle movable longitudinally therein, a valve controlled by said spindle, a metal bellows attached to one end lease said spindle topermit said bellows to move the spindle to the open position of said valve, when' a certain temperature has been` `reached in the burner.

` 1. In a vapor burner, the' combination with a casing, of a spindle movable longitudinally therein, a valve controlledby said `Spindle, a metal bellows attached to one end bf said'casing by means of a fluid tight' connection, said spindle adapted to pass through said bellows in a fluid tight connection, a thermally-controlled lock for said spindle adapted to hold said spindle in release said spindle and permit said open-v lmove said spindle to the fopen said valve.

theV closed position of said valve after the v extinguishing of the flame, and to release.

said spindle to permit said bellows to move `the spindle to the open position ofsaid iclosed position of said valve while the thermal lock cools sulliciently to hold the spindle in this position.

5. In a vapor burner, the conibination with a spindle, of a vapor valve controlled thereby, a thermally-controlled lock for said spindle comprising a cup, containing a fusible substance, engaging with said spindle, a casing loosely inclosing said cup, a member carried by said casing projecting into said fusible substance, said lock when cool being adapted to hold said cup and spindle rigidly, while when heated and fused, adapted to permit free movement of said cup and spindle.

. 6. In a vapor burner, the combination with a casing, of a spindle longitudinally movable therein, a valve controlled Vby said spindle through such longitudinal movement, a cup containing a fusible substance engaging with said spindle, a fixed member projecting into said fusible substance adapted to lock said spindle against movement when cool, 'and to permit movement thereof when heated and fused, and a bellows engaging with said casing and said spindle by means of fluid tight connections, adapted to permit longitudinal movement of said spindle, said bellows adapted to position thereof to 7. In a vapor burner, the combination with a vapor valve, of thermal controlling means therefor, comprising a cup-containing a .fusible substance engaging with said spindle, a xed member projecting into said fusible substance, said thermal controlling means being within the zone of heat from the burner, and adapted to lock said spin- Idle when the temperature of the burner and fusible substance fall below a certain point, and adapted to release said spindle when such temperatureA goes above this point, and means for automatically.moving said spin- `dle to the open position of said valve upon release of the spindle by said thermal-controlling means.

In` witness whereof I have hereunto set my-hand in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR ISAAC BLANCHARD. Witnesses:

E. H. BURGOYNE, EDWIN GARDER. 

